Bipolar Disorder is more than highs and lows

Symptoms of Depression

Ø Persistent sad or “empty” mood

Ø Loss of interest or pleasure in ordinary activities, including sex

Ø Decreased energy, fatigue

Ø Sleep disturbances (insomnia, early-morning waking, or oversleeping)

Ø Eating disturbances

Ø Difficulty concentrating, remembering, making decisions

Ø Thoughts of death or suicide, suicide attempts

Ø Low self-esteem, hopelessness

Ø Excessive crying

Ø Chronic pain that doesn’t go away

Symptoms of Mania

Ø Exaggerated optimism and self confidence

Ø Decreased need for sleep without fatigue

Ø Grandiose delusions

Ø Aggressive behavior, excessive irritability

Ø Increased physical and mental activity

Ø Racing speech, flight of ideas, impulsiveness

Ø Poor judgment

Ø Rash behavior like spending sprees, business decisions and erratic driving

Ø Hallucinations

Causes of BIPOLAR DISORDER

Most likely there is not one single cause of manic depression. Scientific studies of the brain indicate an imbalance in brain chemistry among people who are bipolar, and genetics are also thought to play a role. Life events, such as the death of a loved one, a major loss or change, or chronic stress, may trigger depression too. Additionally, alcohol or drug abuse, certain medications, and even an individual’s outlook on life may contribute to the development of the disorder.

There is HOPE...

A substantial number of people with bipolar disorder experience a return to a higher quality of life.

There are effective medications and psychological treatments that are often used in combination. The medications are not habit-forming. Persons with recurring manic depression may need to stay on medication to prevent or lessen further episodes. Many people who have manic depression need psychotherapy to deal with the psychological or interpersonal problems associated with their illness.

Medications One medication, Lithium, is usually very effective in controlling mania and preventing the recurrence of both manic and depressive episodes.

Most recently, the mood stabilizing anti-convulsants Tegretol and Valproate also have been found useful. Often these medications are combined with Lithium for maximum effect. In 1995 the US FDA approved Depakote, an anti-convulsant, for use in treating bipolar disorder. Antidepressants may be added to mood stabilizers, especially if the individual has trouble with deep depressions.

When to get Help Individuals respond differently to treatments. If, after several weeks, symptoms have not improved, the treatment plan should be re-evaluated. Anyone experiencing four or more of the above symptoms should seek help if symptoms persist for longer than two weeks.